【Maven】使用 Maven 构建多模块项目

Maven 多模块项目,适用于一些比较大的项目,通过合理的模块拆分,实现代码的复用,便于维护和管理。尤其是一些开源框架,也是采用多模块的方式,提供插件集成,用户可以根据需要配置指定的模块。

项目结构如下:

test-hd-parent   (父级)
    ---pom.xml
    ---test-hd-api          (第三方接口层)
        ----pom.xml    
    ---test-hd-foundation     (基础工具层)
        ----pom.xml
    ---test-hd-resource     (资源层) 
        ----pom.xml
    ---test-hd-service       (逻辑业务层)
        ----pom.xml
    ---test-hd-modules     (web层)
        ----pom.xml
        ---test-hd-www         (web模块1)
            ----pom.xml
        ---test-hd-admin        (web模块2)
            ----pom.xml

创建一个父 maven 工程

新建一个 maven 项目,选择存储位置,并选择创建一个简单的 maven 工程。

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输入 Group IdArtifact IdPackaging,packaging 选择 pom 包。

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生成父工程,pom.xml 如下:

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删除工程中的 src 目录。

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创建子模块

右击父工程名 ---> New ---> Project,然后选择新建一个 maven module 工程。

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设置子工程名以及父工程,再设置快速创建模式。

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得到子工程(test-hd-api,第三方接口层),设置编译的 jdk。

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同理设置,子模块:test-hd-foundation(基础工具层)、test-hd-resource(资源层) 、test-hd-service(逻辑业务层)

新建 test-hd-modules (web层),选择创建一个 a simple project,输入 Group Id、Artifact Id、Packaging,packaging 选择 pom 包。

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创建 web 子模块

web 子模块在建在 test-hd-modules (web层)里面,右击 test-hd-modules 工程名 ---> New ---> Project,然后选择新建一个 maven module 工程,设置子工程名以及父工程,选择新建 web 项目。

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配置 maven web 项目,参照:【Maven】Eclipse 使用 Maven 创建 Java Web 项目

同理可以配置其他的 web 子模块 test-hd-admin(web模块2)。

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配置各模块的依赖

在 parent 项目 pom.xml 中建立依赖管理(dependencyManagement)。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
    <artifactId>test-hd-parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>test-hd-api</module>
        <module>test-hd-service</module>
        <module>test-hd-resource</module>
        <module>test-hd-foundation</module>
        <module>test-hd-modules</module>
    </modules>


    <!-- maven依赖 -->
    <dependencyManagement>

        <dependencies>
            <!-- hd -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
                <artifactId>test-hd-api</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
                <artifactId>test-hd-service</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
                <artifactId>test-hd-resource</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
                <artifactId>test-hd-foundation</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- Servlet -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.1</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!-- jstl -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>1.2</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
                <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.2</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

</project>

test-hd-foundation 中的依赖:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
        <artifactId>test-hd-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>test-hd-foundation</artifactId>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- define the project compile level -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

test-hd-api 中的依赖关系:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
        <artifactId>test-hd-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>test-hd-api</artifactId>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-foundation</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- define the project compile level -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <finalName>test-hd-api</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

test-hd-resource 中的依赖关系:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
        <artifactId>test-hd-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>test-hd-resource</artifactId>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- define the project compile level -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

test-hd-service 中的依赖关系:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
        <artifactId>test-hd-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>test-hd-service</artifactId>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-foundation</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- define the project compile level -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <finalName>test-hd-service</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

test-hd-module 中的依赖关系:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
        <artifactId>test-hd-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>test-hd-modules</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <modules>
        <module>test-hd-www</module>
        <module>test-hd-admin</module>
    </modules>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-foundation</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-service</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
            <artifactId>test-hd-resource</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

test-hd-www 中的依赖关系:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.hd</groupId>
        <artifactId>test-hd-modules</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>test-hd-www</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- define the project compile level -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <finalName>test-hd-www</finalName>
    </build>

</project>

最后使用 maven-update 整个工程,右击父工程名 --> Maven --> Update Project。

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打包和发布

打包,右击父工程名 test-hd-parent ----> Run As ---> Maven Install。

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打包 web 子工程,右击工程名 test-hd-www ---> Run As ---> Maven Build... ---> Goals: clean package--->Run。

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右击工程名 test-hd-www,进行刷新,找到 war 包,放到 tomcat 的 webapps 中,启动 tomcat,即可访问工程http://localhost:8080/test-hd-www

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可以去 tomcat 下面 webapps > test-hd-www > WEB-INF > lib 中,看到引用的 jar 包。

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